TODAY -

Imphal Valley People vis-a-vis Hill People

R Rungsung *



The traditional Mera Houchongba festival re-affirming the close bond and ties between the hill and valley people



The land we cherish and the place where we live for centuries have its values for our sustenances. Once it was a pride for its people with the coined name "Chingna Koishinba Manipur Sana Leipak" (Surrounded by hills-Manipur the golden land). Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru called it 'Switzerland of the East,' meaning that European peoples cherish and love Switzerland for her prosperity and peaceful life plus for maintaining friendships with al nations. Hence, for full security and safety, rich people of the world, including Indians, have secret bank deposits with Swiss Banks.

Our Creater made the world good including Manipur. All creations were perfect for our happy life and sustenance. Imphal valley people were happy and pleasant in celebrating various festivals with overflowing granaries and old game Polo. Tangkhul Elders told us that Meiteis of Imphal have horses flying like eagles in the air (referred to Polo game). During 1950s, football game was the main sport item well-played at Imphal Pologround with the regular participation by Tangkhul football club. They travelled wholeday on foot and halted one night at Litan and reached Imphal the next day by an old bus made of old abandoned WWII Chevrolet truck. Sometimes they came with champion trophy or runners-up cup. During the construction of Khuman Lampak Sports Complex Rs. 4.5 Crores were diverted to it from the Tribal Welfares Funds.

We tribal youths joined Thabal Chongba at various leikais and enjoyed it well. There were no troubles but peace prevailed. When we reached hostel the time was almost 1 to 2 a.m. and we did not see when the day broke. A good many Meiteis were friends in the college. I have a love-lost tale with a Meitei Leishabi as down the memory lane.

In the channel of religions and cultural celebrations different forms and rituals were performed according to its own belief and custom. Christianity in Imphal valley then was forbidden except at a place between D.M. College and Chingmeirong. Khuman Lampak and Dewlahland were barren with big big local mango trees grow here and there. A Meitei elder told me that the place is called Awah Leikai and the history has it that when people settled here there will be turmoil and war broke out. I think that was not a conjecture.

Today in religious aspect, Meitei Christians are suffering at the hands of Non-Christian Meiteis at various leikais and places. It is a great concern for all Christians, not of Manipur alone but beyond the State. We ought to know that religion binds people of different castes and races around the world. As such "Nagaland For Christ" carries its volumes irrespective of different communities and lands.

In the channel of hill people who have settled and living in Imphal Valley, Meiteis seem to have grudge for not allowing them to settle and like in hill areas like tribals living in Imphal. The charges and allegations against it are:

(1) Meiteis are not given chances to enjoy facilities that are available in hill areas,
(2) Hill people are not developing but destroying lands and buring forests,
(3) Hill people are foolish (Haobang) and lacking knowledges, backward and illiterate,
(4) United Naga Council under the command of NSCN is working to disintegrate Manipur. All charges and allegations against the Nagas are true to the best of my knowledge. All charges have their meanings in themselves. Let us go further for better understanding.

Since the time of Meitei Maharajas time and upto this day the permanent practice of thumbing rule is deeply rooted in the name of majority and more advanced people. Imphal valley thinks good for its causes though the hill people bleed. Imphal valley seeing and looking at the lush and deep forests plus unexplored minerals in the hill areas have a sigh of covetousness. But could not touch them. What causes such chasm is that good feeling toward one another is missing and full understanding is totally lacking. It would not be wrong to say that Imphal valley peole is travelling in one way traffic. Hills are lacking in all respects due to want of proper uses of funds that had and have accumulated at Imphal valley. Hill people who claim leaders are in that pool. It would be wrong to point accusing finger at Meiteis only. Both of them are equally responsible for the present crisis.

In addition to that shady ongoings, many hill leaders (excluding simple purely self-manageabe persons) have permanently established houses and buildings elsewhere in Imphal in collusion will majority rulers. His/their sources of income have nothing to do with the assets they possesed except misused of public funds. True Lokpal Bill will answer them. Many of them have simple two or three rooms tin roofed houses at their respective villages. Some do not have his/their house except in the village house counting record. Some of them may come to his village with flying colour like once in a bluemoon. Doling out a few thousands and left again for Imphal never to be seen again. They are fully merged with Imphal Valley people. Do not call them Hao but Hill Meiteis. I have no hatred for them.

The right choice for my life is me and to determind one's life is self-oriented. Many Indians (including Meiteis, Nagas, Mizos etc.) have permanently settled in U.K. (about three lacs), U.S.A. (more than two lacs), Canada (about one lac), Australia (about twenty thousands) and elsewhere. So the same with the hill people of Manipur in Imphal Valley. Nothing wrong with them. The choice is theirs.

In the channel of development, we already have seen and seeing them clearly that had recently built known as Mini-Secretariat of three storeys at hill headquarters. Those are the landmark of hill developments. The value of that building will be equavalent to some rich Meiteis families alone. Your guess please. 80% hill areas are in darkness. No proper road communications. Many died unheard due to want of road communication and health care. Schools are just in namesake. Some teachers are studying outside the State doing Master Course drawing his/her pay regularly. This is Manipur. Arrest me if I am wrong.

Finally I want to ask any of you (valley or hill persons) to give us crisis solving answer to the following questions.

1. Whenever there was a road blockade for (say) one week Imphal Cry foul and feel bitter against the blockaders. Can Manipur live without Mayangs?

2. Which one is better? (a) To cry foul against the blockade or (b) To discriminate against hill people.

3. What resources and other things Imphal have in store for future sustenances?

4. What sources Imphal Valley produce to share with/give to hill people?

5. Hating Christianity but want to sleep with unmarried girl is sin. Can we have peaceful family?

6. Call us any name-good or bad but give the exact meaning of "Chingtam-amatani".

Let us draw facts. Eagerly waiting for reply in good spirit. God Bless you all.


* R Rungsung wrote this article for The Sangai Express.
This article was posted on February 13, 2012.


* Comments posted by users in this discussion thread and other parts of this site are opinions of the individuals posting them (whose user ID is displayed alongside) and not the views of e-pao.net. We strongly recommend that users exercise responsibility, sensitivity and caution over language while writing your opinions which will be seen and read by other users. Please read a complete Guideline on using comments on this website.


LATEST IN E-PAO.NET
  • Kang Chingba @Kakwa, Singjamei : Gallery
  • Violence in Manipur 2023-2026 : Timeline
  • Yaoreingam, Lamjingrenbi : Eming
  • That FB/X Post didnt come from Politician
  • Posts @ Life Sciences, Manipur Univ
  • The Blueprint of Ruins :: Poem
  • Implications of Bahuda Rath Yatra
  • Nari Shakti, from promise to delivery
  • SoO at the centre of storm
  • Flag off: 135th Durand Cup @Sendra : Gallery
  • Manipur's booming bridal makeup culture
  • Inclusive Preparedness at Ideal Blind School
  • Army brings the Durand Cup to Imphal
  • Evolving strategies- aftermath of 3 May 2023
  • Communities must be financed, says UNAIDS
  • Pro Health Physical Therapy at Guwahati
  • Make the War on Drugs meaningful
  • A rainy day @ Ima Keithel : Gallery
  • The law of Karma and Manipur
  • Awareness Programme on POSH ACT, 2013
  • Admissions @ North East Career Centre
  • Millets and Human Health
  • Poppy Cultivators & Traitor :: Poem
  • No EV Monopoly, let users pick best tech
  • Taking note of PUYA's campaign
  • Naga Peace Process: Indo-Naga Talk: Timeline
  • Ahingee Laan @ JNMDA #3 : Gallery
  • 'Homecoming Ceremony' KCP-PWG : Gallery
  • The Gates of Birahari :: Poem
  • GPF Statements for 2025-26 Available
  • Leadership at JNIMS must inspire confidence
  • Sound of happiness: What our applause says
  • DAC Meeting of MY Bharat, Imphal East
  • Silence of guns is not normalcy
  • Early History of Manipuri Sahitya Parishad #3
  • Oken Amakcham (1962 - 2026)
  • Tribute to football coach Oja Kamini Kumar
  • Tobacco products demand in Manipur
  • Live Laser Proctology Surgery performed
  • Film Appreciation Course at MSFTI
  • Tripura Wins Best National Costume 2026
  • Demonstrating merit of team work
  • The Forgotten Kings : A Hearthside Story
  • Linthoi Chanambam : Gold at Asian Judo
  • 4th Phase "Ningol Van" at Golapati Hatta
  • We are just 33 lakh
  • Monsoon skincare tips for babies
  • Call for closed door meeting with CSOs
  • Trouble makers with an agenda
  • Exploring The Vanishing Self #2
  • The politics of devotion & syncretism
  • Sunita- Best Manipuri Film @72nd Nat'l Award
  • China-Myanmar with a Shared Future
  • North East India Festival 2026 at UK
  • A gory slaughter :: Poem
  • Kang Chingba @Thangal Keithel : Gallery
  • A World Cup football final 40 years ago
  • Manipur needs a livelihood policy, not relief
  • The Puzzle Unsolved :: Poem
  • IndiGo from T2 Terminal Guwahati Airport
  • Manipur Electricity Regulations, 2026 draft
  • India's Tribal Perspective to 19th UN EMRIP
  • Imphal, Delhi : Losing the plot
  • Kang Chingba @Govindajee Temple : Gallery
  • Kanto Sabal & security questions
  • Rights of Freedom of religions & beliefs
  • Lord Jagannatha's processional chariot fest
  • Condemns Kanto Sabal Arson Attack
  • Love Will Find a Way :: Poem
  • The killing and anti-AFSPA stand
  • 77th Republic Day @ Kangla #3: Gallery
  • 2004 Kangla Protest: Anti-Repression Day
  • Make every effort to do what leads to peace
  • 'Trust Deficit Towards Govt of India'
  • On the grand road of Puri
  • Day 2: Hands On Training- Yelhou Hidak 2026
  • 23rd Technothlon at Techniche IIT Guwahati
  • Playing the victim card will not do
  • 63rd Mr Manipur @ MU #5 : Gallery
  • Thank you, Cristiano Ronaldo
  • Ethics of financing armed groups in Manipur
  • Dylan Thokchom @ Badminton Asia C'Ship II
  • What do recent initiatives of young people say?
  • Day 1: Hands On Training- Yelhou Hidak 2026
  • Of health, water & power supply
  • Cultural @ Beating of Retreat #3 : Gallery
  • Underpaid nurses : A look at pathetic salaries
  • Manipur : Living under shadow of violence
  • Wild Nature :: Poem
  • Fulfil the 2027 #EndTB commitments
  • Walking Lens 3.0 concluded
  • Up in flames since May of 2023
  • Seasonal Fishes @Ima Keithel #3: Gallery
  • Meetei Mayek High School : Subroto Cup
  • Trend of mislabelling in recent times
  • AI revolutionize early disease detection in crop
  • Khemchand the Sardar Patel
  • 4-year integrated teacher education (ITEP)
  • Fibre Economy: India's next big opportunity
  • Right under the nose of Army : Leimakhong
  • Exploring The Vanishing Self #1
  • The names behind the arrest
  • 2026 FIFA World Cup - new global standard
  • 10th NE Int'l Fashion Week 2026 announced
  • A girl in the temple :: Poem
  • 'Overwhelming Meetei Support For ST Status'
  • Oncology OPD Services launched
  • 77th Republic Day @ Kangla #2: Gallery
  • National Drone Innovation Challenge 2025-26
  • The Next Market Day :: Poem
  • Manipur airfare crisis: Way out is beyond reach
  • Posts @ Dept of Art & Culture, Manipur
  • Monsoons beauty
  • Transformative journey on Reform Express
  • Reading the stand of the Kuki CSO leader
  • Early History of Manipuri Sahitya Parishad #2
  • 35th NAMA Annual Convention at New Jersey
  • British Coin Puzzle
  • The story of Citrus
  • Pride Ride 2026 Pedals in Agartala
  • BRICS & the New Geography of Agri-Trade
  • Seeing, treating all as equals
  • Unravelling the knot: Reclaiming Thaksi-Khasi
  • The making of a Social Worker
  • Enough is Enough :: Poem
  • Online submission- Class XI & XII to COHSEM
  • Rising above HIV diagnosis
  • 12 years of Science in service of India
  • Six Naga men : The hurt, pain still lingers
  • Solo Dance: Wahengbam Debina #2: Gallery
  • Dylan Thokchom @ Badminton Asia C'Ship
  • 'Imp-Jiri Highway to Be Ready by Dec 2026'
  • Reassessing Manipur's geopolitical conflict
  • A Walking Life :: Poem
  • Something on Scrub Typhus
  • Making it to the news for right reasons
  • Yumjao Lairembi Haraoba #2 : Gallery
  • Border Flames: CoBRA, Crisis in Kamjong
  • A Fool's Cry :: Poem
  • Manipur Displacement Crisis- Security Failure
  • Why are we still not on track to end TB
  • Development Vision for Assam & North-East
  • Delhi: Noting new area of conflict
  • 63rd Mr Manipur @ MU #4 : Gallery
  • Hundred Flowers Institute of Medical Sciences
  • 3rd 'Ningol Van' Tree Plantation at Kongba
  • Possible way out of festering conflict
  • Draft Electoral Rolls for Imphal West
  • 3 ACs - Draft Electoral Rolls for Senapati
  • Draft Electoral Rolls for Imphal East
  • The sunshine of civilization :: Poem
  • Working on a Saturday
  • Present signature for February 30 !
  • Boy Who Dredged the Rivers: Taothingmang
  • Day 3 : Yaoshang Festivities : Gallery
  • Golden Jubilee of JNMDA (Prod Unit)
  • The failure of selective liberalism
  • Apatani's Next Top Model 2026 : Grand Finale
  • The Faithful Pen :: Poem
  • Obesity - Mother of many lifestyle disorders
  • Fuzzy Clearances in Mapithel Project
  • E20 Petrol in India: Controversy Behind Biofuel
  • Ratify UN Convention Against Torture
  • When Manipur University says No to Drugs
  • Teaching : The most judged profession
  • Cloud of Death: Tobacco's Global Shadow
  • Time to show there is a Govt in place
  • World Environment @Lamdeng #2 : Gallery
  • Why Kuki failed to co-exist with communities
  • Apatani Fashion Week 2026 at Hija
  • Admission Notice : Dhanamanjuri University
  • 41 yrs of healing lives & strengthening Manipur
  • Smart protected cultivation : For climate smart
  • Heatwave makeup guide
  • Call for conscientious voting
  • Ningol Phida @Shumang Leela #1 : Gallery
  • Two civil society reports on violence in Manipur
  • Influenza : A potential for another pandemic ?
  • Who Shapes Whom ? :: Poem
  • Rejects KZC's June 25 Press Conference
  • Science behind the RSS Shakha
  • Paradox of devotion, power of babas & justice
  • Impact of inter-district blockade
  • Day 3 : Yaoshang Sports : Gallery
  • World Motor Cycle Day @Andro : Gallery
  • SoO & selective law application
  • New thaw of Indo-Myanmar relationship ?
  • Transparency in rehabilitation centre evaluation
  • Mother Earth :: Poem
  • Patriarchal resistance in Africa- gender equality
  • After Sharda who, is the question
  • Sillam Sintha Jagoi @ATINGA : Gallery
  • Featured Front Page Photo 2026 #3: Gallery
  • Constitutional and federal discourses
  • Guru Shishya Parampara Scheme 2026-2027
  • The Personal MBA is no less than an MBA
  • A surge of love :: Poem
  • Walking Lens - 3rd Edition
  • Selling false sense of normalcy
  • Ethnic conflicts & effects on local fisheries
  • July Calendar for Year 2026 : Tools
  • Seminar: NE Traditional Knowledge System
  • Youth, Education & the Road to Peace
  • I Will Not Be a Footnote :: Poem
  • Rejects KZC's Contradictory Statements
  • Being Indian/Manipuri citizens
  • The politics of shutdown & blockade
  • 360° panoramic view of spots in Manipur
  • Tangkhul Meiphung: The wounds of Time
  • Arambai Tenggol & the law of defence
  • SWC Khongman Mourns Demise of Founder
  • A New Skyline for Imphal
  • Legal for Inmates of Manipur Central Jail
  • Demands Abrogation of SoO
  • How Football Connects Us Across Generations
  • Homecoming @ Washington DC : Gallery
  • BSc (Horticulture) State Govt Nominee
  • The World Drug Problem
  • Senior Media Delegation Visits Karkinos
  • ANSAM Rally demanding justice : Gallery
  • Imokanta's Shumang Lila of Manipur : Review
  • KZC's 25 June PR Exposes Brutality
  • Three-day Rise Up Summer Camp 2026
  • Tips for healthy & beautiful nails in summer
  • The yarn about return of peace
  • Workshop- 'AI in Journalism' : Gallery
  • Exploring The Vanishing Self - Book Launch
  • A convoy that deepened fears of proxy war
  • 25th The Great June Uprising #2 : Gallery
  • Day 2 : Yaoshang Mei Loukhatpa : Gallery
  • How Manipuri Cinema is Reimagining Future
  • A Dime A Dozen # 1 : Author's Warning Note
  • 3 yrs on, Manipur demand an honest reckoning
  • Financial traps you should avoid
  • NE India Infrastructure Summit 2026
  • Stand to contest coming Assembly polls
  • Manipuris (Meitei) and Bishnupriyas
  • Kamesh Salam Recognized by Business Today
  • Manipur's children are watching
  • Nungshiba Leinamna : Weaves Love & Legacy
  • The albatross of mid-June :: Poem
  • On Working Committee, NNPG's statement
  • Workshop : Application of AI in Journalism
  • Emergency shutdown politics of CoTU
  • 26th Death Anniv : Arambam Somorendra
  • Yaoshang Pechakari @ Govindaji: Gallery
  • Understanding infertility in a changing world
  • The Cry of My Six Brothers :: Poem
  • ANSAM rally at Imphal : Call of indigenes
  • Candle Light Vigil @ New Checkon : Gallery
  • B.Sc @ CMC College of Nursing, Koirengei
  • Cultural @ Beating of Retreat #2 : Gallery
  • Tree Plantation Drive @ Mekola : Gallery
  • 35th State Thang-ta Championship 2026
  • 25th The Great June Uprising #1 : Gallery
  • AMD Academic Accelerator Program, Pune
  • Manipuri and Bishnupriya Manipuri
  • June 18 : A Day of Unity, Sacrifice
  • Protest erupted @RIMS [15 Jun] : Gallery
  • Massacres perpetrated by Kukis during British
  • Khuiyoi Tompok & Sound of the Drum
  • 28th Meira Paibee Numit @Khurai : Gallery
  • 3rd anniv- Khamenlok 'massacre' : Gallery
  • Healthcare for Manipuris in Bangalore
  • AI : Explore 25+ yrs of Manipur archives
  • Remains of 6 Naga hostages @JNIMS: Gallery
  • The Lost Paradise
  • Moirangthem Chandra's collection of Puyas
  • What Manipur conflict reveal about oppression
  • 'No NRC Update No Census' Rally : Gallery
  • Yaoshang Mei Loukhatpa #3 : Gallery
  • Showcasing Manipur @Switzerland : Gallery
  • 1st Peaceful Coexistence Award 2026
  • Events- Kuki militant & Naga village volunteer
  • Martyrs' Day @ Cheiraoching #3 : Gallery
  • The King Who Came from the Sky: Pakhangpa
  • Chakan Gang-Ngai 2026 : Ooba Video
  • >
  • How to Break Manipur w/o Breaking Any Laws
  • 17th Manipur State Film Awards (MSFA), 2025
  • Eid-Ul-Zuha @Sangaiyumpham : Gallery
  • 16th Manipur State Film Awards (MSFA), 2024
  • Radio E-pao: 5 new songs updated
  • Yaoshang - Cooking Competition : Gallery
  • Manipur State Award for Literature 2024
  • HSLC Exam 2026 : Full Result
  • HSLC Exam 2026 : Pass % : Govt Schools
  • HSLC Exam 2026 : Pass % : Aided Schools
  • HSLC Exam 2026 : Pass % : Private Schools
  • HSLC Exam 2026 : Withheld-students
  • HSLC Exam 2026 : Compartmental candidates
  • HSLC Exam 2026 : Statistical Abstract
  • HSLC Exam 2026 : Important Information
  • Tronglaobi: 2 children laid to rest : Gallery
  • Free Online access to 'Asangba Nongjabi
  • Final Merit List : Manipur Civil Services 2022
  • Killing of 2 children @ Tronglaobi : Gallery
  • PUCL Tribunal report: A shadow of partiality #3
  • PUCL Tribunal report: A shadow of partiality #2
  • PUCL Tribunal report: A shadow of partiality #1
  • Jump Start
    DBS Imphal SubSite | Readers Mail | Editorials | Education Announcements | Essay | Exclusive Event | Flash - Audio Visual | Incidents | LFS Imphal SubSite | News Timeline | Poetry | Opinion | Sports | Rock Concert | RSS | Top Stories | Wathi Jugai