Regional Economic Agglomeration and Openness: The Economic Development of the North Eastern Region (NER)
- Part 3 -
Dr. Bishwanjit Singh, Loitongbam *
Table 1: SITC Rev 3 Two-Digit Products Export Shares less than 2 Percent during Selected Years: 1990-2014
00 Live animals except fish 0 0.01 0 0.01 0.01 0
21 Hide/skin/fur, raw 0 0 0 0.01 0 0
25 Pulp and waste paper 0 0 0 0 0 0
41 Animal oil/fat 0 0 0 0.02 0.01 0.01
24 Cork and wood 0 0 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
56 Manufactured fertilizers 0 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02
32 Coal/coke/briquettes 0.03 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.14 0.04
23 Crude/synthet/rec rubber 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.11 0.06 0.05
11 Beverages 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.07
43 Animal/veg oils procesd 0.04 0.13 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.07
34 Gas natural/manufactured 0 0.1 0.01 0.07 0.05 0.08
81 Building fixtures etc. 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.08
63 Cork/wood manufactures 0.08 0.11 0.07 0.09 0.06 0.09
09 Misc food products 0.08 0.13 0.14 0.08 0.09 0.12
02 Dairy products & eggs 0.01 0.04 0.08 0.22 0.09 0.14
88 Photographic equip./clocks 0.13 0.18 0.3 0.18 0.12 0.15
73 Metalworking machinery 0.33 0.19 0.22 0.33 0.17 0.16
75 Office/data proc. machines 0.62 0.71 0.5 0.43 0.28 0.17
74 Tea and mate 3.3 1.1 0.86 0.4 0.33 0.22
42 Fixed veg oils/fats 0.22 0.68 0.48 0.26 0.29 0.24
52 Inorganic chemicals 0.33 0.35 0.43 0.39 0.44 0.29
12 Tobacco/manufactures 0.81 0.42 0.42 0.3 0.4 0.3
82 Furniture/furnishings 0.01 0.04 0.11 0.27 0.27 0.32
64 Paper/paperboard/article 0.08 0.35 0.38 0.41 0.35 0.35
58 Plastics non-primry form 0.15 0.58 0.29 0.42 0.41 0.4
83 Travel goods/handbag/etc. 0.75 0.98 0.78 0.53 0.33 0.4
06 Sugar/sugar prep/honey 0.12 0.5 0.19 0.09 0.5 0.44
61 Leather manufactures 2.87 1.48 1.18 0.77 0.42 0.5
75 Spices 0.61 0.57 0.59 0.28 0.42 0.5
Source: UN COMTRADE
Table 2: Share of Seven Major Industries in terms of The Output Within each State of NER: 2011-12
(Arranged in Descending Order of Total Output)
State NIC 2008 Description Total Output (in Rs. Lakhs) GVA
Assam Actual Percentage Actual Percentage
Total 5,292,766 100.00 770,620 100.00
Total of 7 Industries 4,766,656 90.06 650,690 84.44
19 Coke and Refined Petroleum Products 2,782,299 52.57 188,546 24.47
10 Food Products 1,009,797 19.08 181,853 23.60
20 Chemicals and Chemical Products 315,072 5.95 110,354 14.32
23 Other Non-metallic Mineral Products 227,439 4.30 56,679 7.35
24 Basic Metals 164,608 3.11 17,540 2.28
OT Other Products 148,941 2.81 8,751 1.14
18 Printing and Reproduction of Recorded Media 118,500 2.24 86,967 11.29
Manipur Total 36,235 100.00 6,626 100.00
Total of 5 Industries 36,235 100.00 6,626 100.00
10 Food Products 15,659 43.22 1,425 21.51
OT Other Products 11,814 32.60 1,613 24.34
23 Other Non-metallic Mineral Products 8,512 23.49 3,507 52.93
18 Printing and Reproduction of Recorded Media 304 0.84 97 1.46
16 Wood and of Products of Wood and Cork, Except Furniture 36 0.10 -16 -0.24
Meghalaya Total 325,326 100.00 99,223 100.00
Total of 7 Industries 308,294 94.76 95,678 96.43
23 Other Non-metallic Mineral Products 183,926 56.54 75,941 76.54
24 Basic Metals 80,649 24.79 7,451 7.51
20 Chemicals and Chemical Products 10,328 3.17 5,407 5.45
25 Fabricated Metal Products Except Machinery and Equipment 10,276 3.16 1,248 1.26
11 Beverages 9,852 3.03 3,711 3.74
10 Food Products 7,095 2.18 992 1.00
19 Coke and Refined Petroleum Products 6,168 1.90 928 0.94
Nagaland Total 57,932 100.00 7,602 100.00
Total of 5 Industries 57,932 100.00 7,602 100.00
16 Wood and of Products of Wood and Cork, Except Furniture 51,399 88.72 6,064 79.77
10 Food Products 4,579 7.90 556 7.31
23 Other Non-metallic Mineral Products 1,230 2.12 709 9.33
OT Other Industries 635 1.10 193 2.54
18 Printing and Reproduction of Recorded Media 89 0.15 80 1.05
Sikkim Total 556,220 100.00 348,179 100.00
Total of 7 Industries 554,485 99.69 347,838 99.90
21 Basic Pharmaceutical Products and Pharmaceutical Preparations 439,254 78.97 320,080 91.93
20 Chemicals and Chemical Products 73,691 13.25 20,075 5.77
11 Beverages 18,310 3.29 3,449 0.99
10 Food Products 11,503 2.07 3,144 0.90
22 Rubber and Plastic Products 5,648 1.02 745 0.21
OT Other Industries 3,500 0.63 (129) (0.04)
18 Paper and Paper Products 2,579 0.46 474 0.14
Tripura Total 122,682 100.00 24,787 100.00
Total of 7 Industries 119,641 97.52 24,405 98.46
OT Other Industries 30,296 24.69 1,831 7.39
23 Other Non-metallic Mineral Products 28,373 23.13 11,656 47.02
10 Food Products 18,003 14.67 3,230 13.03
24 Basic Metals 15,586 12.70 949 3.83
22 Rubber and Plastic Products 14,317 11.67 307 1.24
12 Tobacco Products 10,895 8.88 5,520 22.27
11 Beverages 2,171 1.77 912 3.68
Source: ASI
Table 3 gives the information for large industrial firms for all-India and six states of the NER. The NER has only 2% of the factories of Indian total indicating how far the NER lags behind the rest of India in industrialization. Understandably, 78% of the NER's factories are located at Assam followed by Tripura (13%) and Manipur (0.03%).
The total manufacturing output is also low, accounting for a mere 1% of the Indian total. Again, Assam contributes more than 80% of the total manufacturing output of the NER, followed by Sikkim (10.2%). The region's share of value added accounts for 1.3% of the Indian total, implying inefficiency in input use. The share of profit is also very low: only 2% of the Indian total.
To be continued ....
* Dr. Bishwanjit Singh, Loitongbam wrote this article for Imphal Times
The writer is a Research Scholar at University of International Business and Economics (UIBE), Beijing, China.
This article was posted on December 23, 2016.
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